“African Potential” and overcoming the difficulties of modern world: comprehensive area studies that will provide a new perspective for the future of humanity | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(S)

Yukino Iwai

	The Hirayama Ikuo Volunteer Center, Waseda University
Research Fields	Environmental Sociology, Wildlife and Society I have clarified the coexistence of local residents and wildlife as a process of continuous change in Serengeti National Park in Tanzania. When you look at a place that attracts the flow of international funds and power for nature conservation from the perspective of the local resident, you will find a totally different view. In recent years, African elephants have become destructive, and their destruction of farms in the villages, leading to damage on people, is increasingly problematic. I also conduct a project with the villagers to prevent destruction by the elephants (Happy Honey Challenge by the non-profit organization Afric Africa [http://afric-africa.vis.ne.jp/04africa/index.htm]).
Main Works	Iwai, Yukino. 2008 ‘Community Resistance toward wildlife conservation in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania: From “Weapons of the Weak” to Land Right Movement’ T. Meguro(ed), Re-conceptualization of Wildlife Conservation: Toward Resonatable Actions for Local Life, ACTS press, Nairobi, p67-74.

Minako Araki

	Faculty of Core Research, Human Science Division, Ochanomizu University
Research Fields	In farming communities in Tanzania and Zambia, I have been involved in both practice and research on regional development focusing on spontaneous participation. With focus on mutual actions between actors of development practices, I have conducted research on the roles of residents’ groups and farmers’ groups and their changes, the utilization and management of resources, and conflicts and cooperation over development practices. I am interested in the challenges and potential of spontaneous development and sustainable development in African farming communities.
Main Works	Araki, M., 2007, “Local Notions of Participation and Diversification of Group Activities in Southern Tanzania”, in .Itani,J. and M.Araki (eds), Rural Development Reconsidered: People’s Responses to Globalization in Tanzania, African Study Monographs Supplementary Issue No.36, pp.59-70.

Gen Yamakoshi

	Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University
Research Fields	I have conducted research on the diverse relationships between people and wildlife in forest areas in the southeastern part of the Republic of Guinea, West Africa. With focus on latent potential on forest and wildlife conservation, which the traditional landscape of the communities based on shifting agriculture has maintained, I am studying conservation ecology of inhabitant animals, analyzing the composition and causes of traditionally conserved forest, and attempting to grasp the future vision of residents’ conservation plans.
Main Works	Yamakoshi G. Leblan V. (2013) Conflicts between indigenous and scientific concepts of landscape management for wildlife conservation: Human-chimpanzee politics of coexistence at Bossou, Guinea. Revue de Primatologie (on line), 5: document 6. DOI : 10.4000/primatologie.1762 Bonimy, S.P., Yamakoshi G. (2012) Dictionnaire d’Apprentissage Maawe (Manon)-Française: Mots, Dialogues, et Expressions Courantes. African Study Monographs, Supplementary Issue 44: 1-59. Yamakoshi G (2011) The “prehistory” before 1976: Looking back on three decades of research on Bossou chimpanzees. In: The Chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba (T. Matsuzawa, T Humle, Y. Sugiyama, eds.). Springer, Tokyo, pp. 35-44.

Machiko Tsubura

	Institute of Developing Economies (JETRO-IDE)
Research Fields	I am interested in politics and development in Africa. My research focuses on elections, political parties and parliament in Tanzania.
Main Works	Tsubura, M. “Factionalism of Dominant Parties in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Tanzania,” Delivered at the American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September 1-4, 2016. Tsubura, M. “Does Clientelism Help Tanzanian MPs Establish Long-term Electoral Support?,” Afrobarometer Working Paper No. 159, 2015. (http://afrobarometer.org/publications/wp159-does-clientelism-help-tanzanian-mps-establish-long-term-electoral-support) Tsubura, M. “Accountability and Clientelism in Dominant Party Politics: The Case of a Constituency Development Fund in Tanzania,” Ph.D. Thesis submitted to the University of Sussex, 2014. (http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/48876/) Tsubura, M. “The Politics of Constituency Development Funds (CDF) in Comparative Perspective,” Delivered at the American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, August 28-September 1, 2013. Tsubura, M. “Constituency Service by Members of Parliament in African Democracies: A Comparative Analysis of the Politics of Constituency Development Funds (CDFs) in Kenya and Tanzania.” Delivered at the Annual International Conference of the Centre of African Studies, University of Edinburgh, June 5-8, 2012.

Makiko Sakai

	Graduate School of Global Studies, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Research Fields	I conducted research in Chad (central Africa) that focused on the relationship between development projects and the lives of people in farming villages. I later moved my research field to Tanzania and Cameroon, where I concentrated on diversification of livelihood and changes in the conception of money in the globalizing society. In Tanzania, I am studying the movement of cash, e.g. from micro-credit schemes, among farmers and herders in the context of urbanization and inter-community cooperation. In Cameroon, my research focuses on how the demise of coffee cultivation has led to the creation of a supply chain network for fresh vegetables, and I follow up the living strategy of female vegetable traders who sell at local markets.
Main Works	Sakai, M. 2016 “Famine and Moral Economy in Agro-Pastoralist Society – 60 years of Rainfall Data Analysis”in Maghimbi, S., Mwamfupe, D. and Sugimura, K. eds. Endogenous Development, Moral Economy and Globalization in Agro-Pastoral Communities in Central Tanzania, Dar es Salaam University Press. Sakai M. 2016“Critical Analysis of Tanzania’s “Kilimo Kwanza (Agriculture First)” Policy”, Presentation、XIV World Congress of Rural Sociology (IRSA), 10-15, August, 2016, Toronto, Canada. Sakai, M. 2014“Limits of Micro-finance and “Bank of Affection” in urbanizing agro-pastoral Gogo Society, Dodoma, Tanzania”Proceedings of 6th International Conference on African Moral Economy, ,ed. K. Sugimura, Fukui Prefectural University, pp.116-176.

Makiko Toda

	Faculty for The Study of Contemporary Society, Kyoto Women’s University
Research Fields	My specialty is International Relations and Comparative Political Studies. My original intention was to analyze African ethnic conflicts by using the consociational democratic approach, however after participating in JICA’s grassroots technical cooperation project, I shifted my focus to gender issues in Somali settlements in north-eastern Kenya. In the course of my research, I collected information about a massacre that took place in the area in the 1980s.
Main Works	Toda Makiko (2003) “Culture and Participation of Marginalized People in Development: A Case Study of Rights of Women in North-Eastern Kenya.” ‘Aγoρά, International Center for Regional Studies (ICRS), Tenri University, No.1

Shinichiro Ichino

	Center for African Area Studies, Kyoto University
Research Fields	I have conducted my research at the Berenty Reserve in Southern Madagascar on social ecology of the ring-tailed lemur, which is an endangered species. Southern Madagascar is a region experiencing significant loss of forest, and consequently, only a small forest remains today. I am interested in answering questions about how biodiversity of the whole region can be preserved.
Main Works	Ichino S, Soma T, Miyamoto N, Chatani K, Sato H, Koyama N, Takahata Y. 2015. Lifespan and reproductive senescence in a free-ranging ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) population at Berenty, Madagascar. Folia Primatologica. 86(1-2): 134-139. Ohta I, Oyama S, Sagawa T, Ichino S. 2014. ‘Conflict Resolution and Coexistence: Realizing African Potentials’. African Study Monographs Supplementary Issue. No. 50. Ichino S, Chatani K, Kawamoto Y, Sato H, Schnöll A, Soma T, Koyama N, Aimi M, Takahata Y. 2013. Decrease in the body mass of wild ringtailed lemurs at Berenty Reserve in Madagascar with environmental changes. African Study Monographs. 34 (2) : 109－118. Ichino S, Soma T, Koyama N. 2013. The impact of alopecia syndrome on female reproductive parameters in ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) in Berenty Reserve, Madagascar. In: Leaping Ahead: Advances in Prosimian Biology. Masters J, Gamba M, Genin F, Tuttle R. eds., New York : Springer. pp. 377－386. Ichino S, Rambeloarivony H. 2011. New cases of vertebrate predation by the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta), with references to the difference from Eulemur species and other primates. African Study Monographs. 32 (2): 69－80.

Hideyuki Tsujimura

	Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
Research Fields	1. Understanding of under development of African farming communities with an analytical view of the south-north division and the dependency theory, and clarification of the roles of rural cooperatives for rural development and poverty reduction -> Evaluation of diverse roles and functions of cooperatives and agricultural support organizations around the world. 2. Revealing unfairness of the price formation for “Kilimanjaro” coffee by food system analysis framework and roles of fair-trade for rectitude of such unfairness and poverty reduction -> Consideration of the mechanisms to support agriculture by purchase and of discussion-based price formation to foster ethical consumers to promote such mechanisms. 3. Structure analysis of farm household economy and management in Kilimanjaro in the analysis framework of “institutional” farm household economics and management studies -> Comparative analysis of farm household economy and management in Japan, France and Kilimanjaro.
Main Works	Tsujimura H. , Farming Household Management and Fair Trade in Mt. Kilimanjaro, The 2nd KU-KUGSA Bilateral Symposium on “Food, Environment and Life for the Next Generation” , December 2016 Tsujimura H. ,Effects of Fair Trade Project with Lukani Villagers (FTPLukani), 8th Fair Trade Town International Conference in Kumamoto, March 2014

Momoka Maki

	Faculty of Global Studies, Sophia University
Research Fields	I have studied political history, ethnic relationships and gender in Ethiopia and Eritrea. My studies focus on the Tigrai people who live in both Ethiopia and Eritrea. I have conducted historical research on the relationship between the central government and ethnic groups in Ethiopia and that of Ethiopia and Eritrea. In Tigrai State, I have implemented my research on the People’s Liberation Front and female soldiers, women’s liberation policies, and activities of NGOs for women in the post-war era. My interest in research has focused on female soldiers, conflicts and gender in Africa.
Main Works	Momoka MAKI, “Wayyana”, in Siegbert Uhlig (ed), Encyclopedia Aethiopica, vol. 4 (O–X), Harrassowitz, pp. 1164–1166.2010. Momoka MAKI,The Gaz raid and the reconstruction of Ethiopian Empire: the final Gaz in Tigray and northern Wollo, 1941–1942”, Journal of Nilo-Ethiopian Studies, no. 14, pp. 39-50. 2010. Momoka MAKI, “The Wayyane in Tigray and the reconstruction of the Ethiopian government in the 1940’s”, in Svein Ege, Harald Aspen, Birhanu Teferra and Shiferaw Bekele ed, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Trondheim, 2009, pp. 655-663. Momoka MAKI, “Women Fighter in TPLF- Women’s Agency in the Struggle and Post-Conflict Society“, 19th International Conference on Ethiopian Studies, Warsaw, Poland, 26th Aug, 2015.

Takuo Iwata

	College of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University
Research Fields	I have studied politics and international relations in Africa. My principal research subjects are democratization, decentralization, local governments’ international cooperation, border issue since colonial time, ICT in politics, symbolic power, Africa – Asia relations, Laughter in African politics etc., I have conducted field research in West African countries such as Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Senegal, and Togo. In recent years, I have visited Asian countries to learn Africa – Asia relations, and “African studies” in Asian countries. [Please visit our website, Graduate School of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University. http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/acd/gr/gsir/features/eng/faculty/detail/iwata.html]
Main Works	Iwata Takuo (2016, English version), “Laughter in Political Transformation in Africa,” Ritsumeikan Studies in Language and Culture, Vol.27, No.4, pp.133-155. Iwata Takuo (2016), “A New Page in the History of Africa and Democratization,” in Kitagawa Katsuhiko, Takahashi Motoki ed (2014). Contemporary African Economies: A changing Continent under Globalization, [Translated from Japanese original version, Contemporary African Economies, Gendai Afurica Keizai-ron), Minerva Publisher, Kyoto Japan), pp.289-306. Iwata Takuo (2015), “Social media practices during the political change in Sub-Saharan Africa,” Ritsumeikan Annual Review of International Studies, Vol.14, pp.47-72. Iwata Takuo (2012), “Comparative Study on ‘Asian’ Approaches to Africa: an introductory reflection,” African Studies Monographs, Kyoto University, Vol.33, No.4, 2012, pp.209-231. [Translated into Chinese, 「亚洲对非洲外交政策的比较研究」(2014), Annual Review of African Studies in China, Peking University, pp.183-209.] [Research database, Ritsumeikan University. http://research-db.ritsumei.ac.jp/Profiles/103/0010261/prof_e.html]

College of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University

Research Fields

I have studied politics and international relations in Africa. My principal research subjects are democratization, decentralization, local governments’ international cooperation, border issue since colonial time, ICT in politics, symbolic power, Africa – Asia relations, Laughter in African politics etc., I have conducted field research in West African countries such as Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Senegal, and Togo. In recent years, I have visited Asian countries to learn Africa – Asia relations, and “African studies” in Asian countries.

[Please visit our website, Graduate School of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University.
http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/acd/gr/gsir/features/eng/faculty/detail/iwata.html]

Main Works

Iwata Takuo (2016, English version), “Laughter in Political Transformation in Africa,” Ritsumeikan Studies in Language and Culture, Vol.27, No.4, pp.133-155.
Iwata Takuo (2016), “A New Page in the History of Africa and Democratization,” in Kitagawa Katsuhiko, Takahashi Motoki ed (2014). Contemporary African Economies: A changing Continent under Globalization, [Translated from Japanese original version, Contemporary African Economies, Gendai Afurica Keizai-ron), Minerva Publisher, Kyoto Japan), pp.289-306.
Iwata Takuo (2015), “Social media practices during the political change in Sub-Saharan Africa,” Ritsumeikan Annual Review of International Studies, Vol.14, pp.47-72.
Iwata Takuo (2012), “Comparative Study on ‘Asian’ Approaches to Africa: an introductory reflection,” African Studies Monographs, Kyoto University, Vol.33, No.4, 2012, pp.209-231. [Translated into Chinese, 「亚洲对非洲外交政策的比较研究」(2014), Annual Review of African Studies in China, Peking University, pp.183-209.]
[Research database, Ritsumeikan University. http://research-db.ritsumei.ac.jp/Profiles/103/0010261/prof_e.html]